Abstract | Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata i razorene Europe bilo je brojnih pokušaja u osmišljavanju institucije koja će raditi na poboljšanju gospodarstva svojih zemalja članica. Nakon MMF-a, IBRD-a, GATT-a i WTO-a 1944. godine nastaje Svjetska banka i njezina grupacija koja i dan danas radi kao razvojna institucija. Nakon rata je pomagala tranzicijskim i razorenim zemljama kako bi se razvile, a danas diljem svijeta nalazi svoju ulogu nudeći zajmove, kredite, savjete, analize i znanje. Osim financijske potpore u kojima sudjeluju dvije strane kod ugovaranja, ona u kriznim situacijama reagira odmah i daje pomoć, pa je tako primjerice za vrijeme pandemije COVID-19 u Republici Hrvatskoj pružala pomoć kod velikog potresa u Zagrebu 2020. godine. Svjetska banka inače, kod izdavanja kredita zemljama za razne projekte (održivi razvoj, javni i privatni sektor, obrazovanje, zdravstvo i dr.) nudi niske kamatne stope, a broj godina otplate ovisi o razvijenosti zemlje te iznosu zajma. Projekti koje zemlje prijavljuju prolaze detaljnu i ponekad dugogodišnju analizu kako bi se cilj proveo efektivno, efikasno te se ispunila njegova svrha, a ugovorene strane bile zadovoljne. Budućnost Svjetske banke je u dobrim rukama s obzirom na to da njezin stručni tim zajedno s predstavnicima članica odrađuje sastanke na dnevnoj, mjesečnoj i godišnjoj bazi, a planove koje raspisuju za narednih pet i deset godina bave se raznim temama; politikama, globalnom trgovinom, problemom klimatskih promjena itd. |
Abstract (english) | After the Second World War and the devastated Europe, there were numerous attempts to design an institution that would work to improve the economies of its member states. After the IMF, IBRD, GATT and WTO in 1944, the World Bank and its group were formed, which still works as a development institution. After the war, it helped transition countries and devastated countries to develop, and today it finds its role around the world by offering loans, loans, advice, analysis and knowledge. In addition to financial support in which the two parties participate in contracting, it responds immediately in crisis situations and provides assistance, so in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Croatia, for example, provided assistance in the event of a major earthquake in Zagreb in 2020. The World Bank offers low interest rates when issuing loans to countries for various projects (sustainable development, public and private sector, education, health, etc.) and the number of repayment years depends on the country's development and the amount of the loan. The projects notified by the countries undergo a detailed and sometimes long-term analysis in order to implement the goal effectively, efficiently and to fulfill its purpose, and the contracting parties were satisfied. The future of the World Bank is in good hands, as its expert team, together with representatives of the members, meets on a daily, monthly and annual basis, and the plans it announces for the next five and ten years deal with various topics; policies, global trade, the problem of climate change, etc. |