A stepper motor is an electric motor that rotates in discrete steps. The movement of each step is precise and repeatable, therefore the position of the motor can be precisely controlled without any feedback mechanism, as long as the motor is carefully adapted to the application. This type of control eliminates the need for expensive sensor and feedback devices such as optical encodes. The position is known simply by tracking the input pulses of the steps. It is one of the most versatile forms of positioning system. They are usually digitally controlled as part of an open loop system, they are simpler and more durable than a closed loop servo system. This paper presents the basic properties, as well as the division and construction and mode of operation of stepper motors, methods of powering and control of stepper motors, operating modes, their application, and general advantages and disadvantages. At the beginning of the paper, the properties of stepper motors and types on different bases, as well as their advantages and disadvantages are described.