In this thesis, procedures used by banks upon the assessment of the creditworthiness of clients have been analysed and explained. Theoretical assumptions regarding credit policy and credit risk have been presented, as well as the multiple methods of the assessment of creditworthiness. Furthermore, the entire process of the bank lending has been shown, from the receiving of the loan application form and other documentation to the methods of analysis of financial statements by means of indicators, and the making of the decision on approving or rejecting the loan application. Conclusions were made about the bank using formalized rules and procedures which reduce the risk of granting loans which do not benefit the bank. It was found that the financial indicators form the basis for making a positive or negative decision and that good relations between a bank and a client represent a very important factor when making a decision on lending in the long term.